Quality tools
It is important to have quality tools to identify and analyse what the exactly root causes are. Some processes or machines have a lot of details and can be very complicated. In order to save time and cost, quality tools should be applied for cancelling the problems. There are many quality programs for solving the problems including 5 why analysis, 8-D reports, fish bone diagram, 6 sigma etc.
Fish bone diagrams.
A fish bone diagram, as can be seen as figure xx, consists 2 main components including head of fish bone diagrams and bone. Firstly, the head is the specific problem which is usually one problem per one diagram. Secondly, the bones of the diagrams are used for listing category of possible input variables which are normally divided into 6 main parts, 5M and 1E, such as men, machines, methods, measurements, materials and environment. After listing all possible causes on the diagrams, the next step is choosing two or three or more causes which they seem to be the culprits. After that, the root causes would be solved (Brussee 2004, 33-35).
Figure xx: fishbone diagram (source; Brussee, W. 2004. Statistics for Six Sigma Made Easy. New York: McGraw-Hill.)
5 why analysis
According to Dennis and Shook (2007, 151-152), another solving problem tool is 5 why analysis which are used at most car makers including Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Isuzu etc. A problem will be continually asked to get the causes until the root causes of a problem will be found. It is not depend on how many times the causes will be asked. A problem could be asked 2 until over 5 times for root causes gains. “Why? Why? Why? Why? and Why?”. The 5 why analysis format sheet is shown at appendix also 5 why diagrams can be seen as figure xx.
Figure xx: problem solving funnel. (Source; Dennis, P. and J. Shook, 2007. Lean Production Simplified: the nuts and bolts of making assembly operation flow. 2nd ed. New York: Malloy Lithographing).
ISO 9001:2008 (International standard organization)
ISO 9001 is a quality management system which is maintained by international standard organization. The latest version of ISO 9001 is 2008 which was developed from version 2001. The companies who want to implement ISO9001 must identify the processes, interrelationship and interaction processes. Then, processes’ criteria must be established, analysed, monitored and controlled effectively. The processes should be continually improved. Additionally, outsourced processes must be controlled the quality management system in case of the outsourced products can affect product conformity (Cianfrani, Tsiakals and West 2009).
ISO/TS 16949:2002
TS16949 has been developed from QS-9000 in order to meet the customer satisfaction which has been increasing. TS16949 is a quality management system which is only applied for automotive industrial companies. The process approach of TS16949 is similar with ISO 9001 except TS 16949 has more details than ISO9001. For example, TS 16949’s approach requires firms’ suppliers to be controlled the quality management system. However, the outside audit team of the firms will be required to audit the suppliers (Smith, Munro and Bowen 2004).
References
Brussee, W. 2004. Statistics for six sigma made easy. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Cianfrani, A. C., J. J. Tsiakals and J. E. West. 2009. ISO9001:2008 explained. 3rd ed. Milwaukil: Quality Press.
Dennis, P. and J. Shook. 2007. Lean production simplified: the nuts and bolts of making assembly operation flow. 2nd ed. New York: Malloy Lithographing.
Smith, R. M., R. A. Munro and R. J. Bowen. 2004. The ISO/TS16949 answer book: A step-by-step guide for automotive suppliers. Chico: Paton Press LLC.
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